Lone Star Lady by Philip West  Led by the Lone Star Lady, B52 Stratofortresses based at Anderson Air Force Base on the island of Guam, head for Hanoi, North Vietnam, during the Strategic Air Command's Operation Linebacker II during the winter of 1972.  By the end of December 1972, after 729 operational sorties during eleven days of continual air strikes on Hanoi and Haiphong, the B52 bombers of Strategic Air Command finally brought North Vietnam to its knees. They had fired off well over 1200 surface to air missiles, virtually exhausting their ground defenses, and it became clear that any renewal of air strikes would devastate the country. The North Vietnamese were at last ready for peace. New Breed Bombers by Stan Stokes.  The Boeing B-47 Stratojet was the first swept-winged, jet bomber that was built in any meaningful quantity. It became the backbone of the Strategic Air Commands bomber fleet for much of the 1950s. More than 2000 B-47s were produced. The origin of the B-47 can be traced back to a request in mid-1943 by the USAAF asking several aircraft manufacturers to commence studies of the feasibility of producing a multi-engined jet aircraft for photographic reconnaissance and or medium bombing missions. By November of 1944 formal requirements were issued for a jet-powered aircraft capable of 550-MPH, a ceiling of 45,000-feet, and a range of 3,500 miles. Boeing aircraft had been experimenting with jet engines for its B-29, but had encountered problems during wind tunnel tests. In 1944 Boeing was awarded a study contract designated XB-47 for a Model 432. The 432 was a highly modified B-29 with a cluster of 4 jet engined mounted inside the fuselage. Martin, Convair, and North American all received contracts for studies on other competing aircraft. In 1945 George Schairer, Boeingss chief aerodynamicist visited German research facilities. The Germans had done research proving the advantages of swept wing design for high-speed aircraft. Boeing modified its design to a swept-wing version, and at the urging of the USAAF eventually removed the in-fuselage jet engines in favor of externally mounted engines. Work on the B-47 protoypes began in 1946. The aircraft would have a crew of only three. Pilot, co-pilot/gunner, and bombadier/navigator. The pilot and co-pilot would sit tandem in a fighter style plexiglass bubble cockpit whereas the navigator/bombadier would sit in the nose behind a transparent nose cone. The B-47 had a thin wing, and all its fuel was carried inside the fuselage. Managing fuel during flights was important to prevent the aircraft from becoming unstable. Because of its high speed it was expected that the B-47 would only be attacked from the rear. Hence the only defensive armament incorporated in the design was a pair of remotely-controlled, radar-managed, machine guns in a rear turret. The first prototype flew on December 17, 1947, only two months after Chuck Yeager broke the sound barrier. In September of 1948 the Air Force placed its first order for production B-47s. In early 1949 one of the prototypes set an unofficial continental speed record of 602-MPH. The first production B-47A flew on June 25, 1950. In Stan Stokes painting a pair of the new breed of bombers pass over some interesting scenery in the western portion of the United States.   B-52s: They Keep on Ticking by Stan Stokes. The Boeing B-52 Stratofortress has played a major role in Americas defense for nearly forty years. In his dramatic painting appropriately entitled B-52s: They Keep On Ticking, aviation artist Stan Stokes depicts an early big-tailed B-52B and a more contemporary B-52G which saw service during Operation Desert Storm.  The origins of the development of the B-52 begins way back in the early 1940s. All major aircraft companies were interested in developing the first truly intercontinental bomber. Shortly after WW II the Convair XB-36 and the Northrop XB-35 were developed, and both had intercontinental range. However, neither of these aircraft were capable of penetrating deep into Soviet airspace, and defense planners in the early 1950s presumed that the Soviets would be our prime adversaries for years to come. In 1946 the Air Force issued a requirement for its next generation of strategic bombers. Required was a range of at least 5,000 miles with a minimum 10,000 pound bomb load, a top speed in excess of 450 MPH and an operational ceiling of at least 40,000 feet. Boeing entered this competition with the XB-52 which incorporated six turboprop engines.  Part way into prototype development, Boeings designers decided to scrap this design in favor of a swept wing jet powered aircraft. The first XB-52 was rolled out in November of 1951. One major change in the prototype was a complete redesign of the forward fuselage to allow the pilots to sit side-by-side. The B-52B was the first true production model of the Stratofortress. It became operational in 1955 with the Strategic Air Command. On January 16, 1957 SAC demonstrated the amazing capabilities of the B-52 with a non-stop around the world flight covering over 24,000 miles in 45 hours and 19 minutes. The B-52B was phased out in the mid 1960s. The B-52C was the first of these aircraft to be painted gloss white on its entire underside to reflect the heat from nuclear blasts. The C remained in service until 1971. The B-52D saw significant service in Vietnam. Many of these models were modified to carry up to as many as 108 conventional bombs. During a major offensive strike at Hanoi in December 1972 a total of 729 B-52 sorties were flown. Only 15 aircraft were lost, despite the fact that Hanoi was heavily protected with SAMs and anti-aircraft batteries. The B-52G was the first of the short tail models. The manned rear gun turret was removed on these models, and the fuel capacity was significantly increased. The G model was the first of the B-52s to carry cruise missiles, a development which significantly lengthened the useful service life of this aircraft. The B-52G is, like its predecessors, a very large aircraft with a wingspan in excess of 185 feet, and a maximum take off weight of 488,000 pounds. With a range in excess of 7,000 miles and a maximum speed of 634 MPH, the Gs were successfully utilized in the Gulf War, and no doubt will continue to see service for many more years into the future. The B-52 is clearly one of the most unique of all post-WW II military aircraft, and it is interesting to note that it is one of only a very few aircraft designs which is older than most of the pilots who fly it.